Ok so I ran a clean install and confirmed that the database objects exist. So that's definitely the problem. Your database is munted. An interesting thing happened when I re-ran the playbook - I noticed it didn't rebuild the postgres container. Very suspicious! Let's try blowing it away completely and re-running your script:
docker stop lemmyname_postgres_1
docker rm lemmyname_postgres_1
now re run the ansible playbook and let's see if that works.
weird. it's like it failed to install the postgres public schema properly. I am not at all familiar with ansible but I see you can set verbosity. Do you think it would be worth trying that?
According to link below you can preface your playbook command with ANSIBLE_DEBUG=true ANSIBLE_VERBOSITY=4
https://www.shellhacks.com/ansible-enable-debug-increase-verbosity/