I think they did a study in the Amazon, and found that actually the Amazon is strongest when defended by indigenous populations. In fact basically all around the world, all nature is stronger when protected by humans.
I think you could make the case that before capitalism, this would also have been the case in the west. There are clear links between the growth of capitalism and witch burning.
I think realistically the two are about different time horizons. Anarchism is when the protocols are in our heads. It's how we live. Communalism, to some extent, is about existing in a world where the implied violence of the system will shut down any "pure" anarchism. Create structure so the hierarchies know how to deal with it.
Sometimes it's not even about hostility. People just can't imagine a world without what exists today. Just having anarchism in your head is revolutionary.