That's what the law says in France, at least. People are supposed to cross on crosswalks, but if they don't and a car hits them the driver is at fault regardless. I can try to find a source in english if that's important to you.
Anyway, context is king here and what I didn't specify in my post above is that the space where it happened was quite crowded and ambiguous (especially for an alien like me who had seldom seen a bike lane at the time)
That was the case when I was a teen, too