remember when we was socii and they carried us to and from the war and supplied all our meals? Fuck this janky 25 years of servitude shit ๐คฎ
How I imagine the provincials reading this poster
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remember when we was socii and they carried us to and from the war and supplied all our meals? Fuck this janky 25 years of servitude shit ๐คฎ
How I imagine the provincials reading this poster
Land in Pannonia and 2 goats!
You son of a bitch, I'm in!
Funny enough, auxiliaries didn't get a discharge bonus - other than citizenship for themselves and their wives. Only legionaries, who had to be citizens BEFORE joining, got the fat ~15 years' paycheck at the end of their term!
Oof. I'd imagine they'd get less, but not that much less.
Poor sons-of-bitches also got less regular pay. There's some debate (and some variance - specialist auxiliary cavalry got equal pay, while 'mixed' cohorts of auxiliary cavalry and infantry got less), but generally it's accepted that auxiliaries got between 66% to 80% of legionary pay.
You could join the auxilia even if you were a citizen - but if the Legions will take you, you want the Legions!
First Reich culture, Alea Iacta!
Explanation: Roman society was remarkably open, by the standards of ancient societies, to outsiders. Most societies only allowed full membership in the polity for those with the proper ethnic descent. The Romans, while automatically granting citizenship to the children of any two citizens, also freely granted citizenship to any who proved themselves sufficiently loyal and useful to the res publica. This could take many forms - grants of citizenship were used to reward cities which had been loyal for a sufficiently long time, or to lure local elites into supporting the Roman government, or as a gift for exceptional deeds (including, curiously, a slave-turned-freedman who became a baker and was granted citizenship simply for supplying bread to the city of Rome for a number of years).
However, the most reliably attested-to method was instituted by the Roman Emperor Claudius, who formalized that any provincial, freedman, or barbarian who served 25 years in the Roman auxiliary forces, in support of the famous Roman Legions, would receive citizenship for themselves, their wife, and their children. Service, clearly, guarantees citizenship!
The drawing is a reference to the movie Starship Troopers, a satire of jingoism and imperialism, but 'service guarantees citizenship' comes from the original book, Starship Troopers, which, depending on who you ask, is either pseudofascist drivel or an interesting exploration of what a hypermilitarized sci-fi democracy might look like.
when you're such a good baker they give you citizenship
After all, what is more Roman than making bread? ๐๐ฐ
Idk Pug. Obviously agree all, as normal, but as a sci-fi fan, I gotta question the "satire." Heinlein was quite pro-fascism. You don't see that book as more of his ideal than his comedic hot take on a future scenario?
I read the Views > Politics section on Wikipedia and it sounds like he's a "Don't tread on me" Libertarian type.
The movie is satire, while the book, as I said, "is either pseudofascist drivel or an interesting exploration of what a hypermilitarized sci-fi democracy might look like."
I tend to take a middle ground of the two positions - I don't think Heinlein is outlining any sort of ideal society by his own measurements, only a society. At the same time, that he portrays the society as basically functional rather than fucked reveals a bit about his own prejudices and both conscious and subconscious ideas about human nature and politics.
The Moon Is A Harsh Mistress is probably closer to his ideal society (though that comes with some problems of its own).
I love communicating with you. Great feedback and Moon is on my reading list. Currently really enjoying the two newish Suzanne Collins additions to the hunger games universe. S&S was great and I'm on the latest, Haymitch origin story, now. Worth a read imo.
Heinlein is a fantastic writer, if sometimes bizarre in a way that is not intended. Very, uh, eclectic mix of ideas in the man's mind.
Always happy to talk with you, you're one of my favorite dogs on the internet ๐
I thought he was a leftwing anarchist.
He was an 'old-style' libertarian, he had a very eclectic mixture of views, but was not left-wing as we would recognize it. More of a "free-market, free-association, free-love, pro-environmentalism" type that you rarely see anymore.
What prevented some random to go "how are you doing fellow citizens?" Did they have some form of identification? Centralized registries on a vast empire without telecommunications seem unreliable
Local recordkeeping was very thorough, and any mistakes would have the imperial government come down on the heads of the local elites - something they would want to avoid at all costs! That being said, both misrepresentations and mistakes were made. Misrepresentations were dealt with... harshly. Falsely claiming to be a citizen was a dangerous business, as it could very well make you actually a slave. Better to be a free provincial than risk that!
Mistakes were usually dealt with leniently. In one notable incident, a city made a mistake ongoing for almost 80 years by the time of its discovery: it had, by poor knowledge of Roman law and a misinterpretation of the grant, given Latin citizenship (which could 'fast-track' to Roman citizenship) to three tribes which were not supposed to have it. The issue was that the tribes, though not part of the city by Roman law, had always associated themselves with it, and both they and local officials had essentially assumed that they 'counted' when they should not have.
Think of it like a border town between the US and Mexico thinking it was part of the US, not Mexico, and having all the kids born there claim they're US citizens, genuinely believing they were.
The issue was resolved simply by granting the people involved actual citizenship, as the fuck-up had gone too long and would've been legally 'hairy' to resolve. But it goes to show how much things were dealt with locally. Your status was very much tied to your local city, and if you moved, you were sure to take any records of imperial privileges with you to present to your new nearest city for their residency records!
That being said, for auxiliaries specifically, their citizenship was (potentially*) recorded in triplicate - a bronze diploma for themselves, one to deposit at their local Roman colony, and their name along with all the other new auxiliary citizens for that year of discharges recorded on a plaque back at Rome.
*There's some debate as to whether the bronze diplomas were routine, or something that were 'opt-in' at the auxiliaries own expense if they wanted something substantial to prove their service, but in either case they would have been recorded in the original retirement plaques in the city of Rome, and would have informed their place of post-military retirement of their status
They were given a bronze plaque that told their story and stated they were citizens.

I doubt the registries needed to be centralized further than at provincial level. No doubt some people might've managed to lie their way into citizenship, up to a point, but I suppose most would get caught for simply not knowing what they're supposed to do as full citizens, or for simply being terrible at speaking latin.
Fun fact! The Emperor Claudius once stripped a Greek man of Roman citizenship for having poor Latin skills!
As the Emperor Claudius was a stutterer himself, one imagines that the 'citizen's' Latin must have been poor indeed.
It was a common issue, though mostly legal, that local elites would schmooze with Roman governors and get themselves granted citizenship on less-than-compelling grounds. While Roman governors had the power to do this, they were supposed to do so for men of genuine merit who appeared to have the proper Roman spirit; whereas there are certainly occasions when 'merit' appeared to mean 'gave a hefty bribe' or 'did some political favors'.
The record-keeping was surprisingly robust in the Empire, but you're absolutely right about it being largely at the provincial level. Especially verifications of birth, which were big for both local and imperial forms of citizenship.