this post was submitted on 01 Sep 2025
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Today I Learned

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The Battle of Blair Mountain saw 10,000 West Virginia coal miners march in protest of perilous work conditions, squalid housing and low wages, among other grievances. They set out from the small hamlet of Marmet, with the goal of advancing upon Mingo County, a few days’ travels away to meet the coal companies on their own turf and demand redress. They would not reach their goal; the marchers instead faced opposition from deputized townspeople and businesspeople who opposed their union organizing, and more importantly, from local and federal law enforcement that brutally shut down the burgeoning movement. The opposing sides clashed near Blair Mountain, a 2,000-foot peak in southwestern Logan County, giving the battle its name.


Miners then often lived in company towns, paying rent for company-owned shacks and buying groceries from the company-owned store with “scrip.” Scrip wasn’t accepted as U.S. currency, yet that’s how the miners were paid. For years, miners had organized through unions including the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and United Mine Workers of America (UMWA), leading protests and strikes. Nine years prior to Blair Mountain, miners striking for greater union recognition clashed with armed Baldwin-Felts agents, hired mercenaries employed by coal companies to put down rebellions and unionizing efforts. The agents drove families from their homes at gunpoint and dumped their belongings. An armored train raced through a tent colony of the evicted miners and sprayed their tents with machine gun fire, killing at least one. In 1914, those same agents burned women and children alive in a mining camp cellar at Ludlow, Colorado.

(page 2) 48 comments
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[–] crystalmerchant@lemmy.world 22 points 2 days ago

"March" is not the right word, though they did march. "Fight" and "battle" and "armed resistance" are more what happened.

Thousands of combatants, armed militias, airplanes literally dropping chemical weapons, and large machine guns at a time when machine guns were very new.

This is how you get change. Not through peaceful protest alone. A many-sided approach is needed, including peaceful protest, and yes one of those sides is certainly armed violent resistance.

[–] ALLGLORYTOHYPNOTOAD@lemmy.world 21 points 2 days ago

This is why we need strong unions. Government work protections will always be rolled back because the government serves the powerful. They only capitulate to the rest of us when they feel threatened. Unions are our biggest strength.

[–] sp3ctr4l@lemmy.dbzer0.com 15 points 2 days ago

https://www.wboy.com/only-on-wboy-com/rednecks-and-their-ties-to-the-battle-of-blair-mountain/

According to haenfler.sites.grinnell.edu, “the term redneck has strong agricultural ties. Originally used in the latter half of the 19th century, redneck was a slur used by upper class whites to describe lower class white farmers (Huber 1995). These lower class workers would often have sunburnt, red necks from tending their fields all day; hence the name.”

However, the term would soon turn away from its prejudiced roots and instead come to represent unification. At first, the term was used on pro-union southern coal miners “due to their communist ties,” grinnell.edu said. However, the labor unions took the term and transformed it into a symbol of unity, donning red bandanas to identify themselves.

In 1921, this “Red Neck Army,” a force 10,000 strong, marched from Charleston, W.Va. to Logan and Mingo counties, “the last two non-union counties in West Virginia,” according to appalachianhistory.net. The ultimate result of this march would be the Battle of Blair Mountain, where the striking miners would face off against state, company and federal forces.

Now... beyond the wierdness of a local news outlet ... citing a website instead of a person as a source...

Uh basically, yeah, the Battle of Blair Mountain is also very much associated with the term 'redneck', yeah, whole bunch of these guys wore red bandanas or kerchiefs around their necks.

In the subsequent century, we've as a society mostly completely forgotten about this, redneck just means dumb bubba hick out in the boonies...

... not armed combatants literally shooting and fighting and dying for better working conditions and pay.

Isn't the memory hole fun?

[–] tychosmoose@lemmy.world 9 points 2 days ago (1 children)

Matewan (1987) is a good movie covering aspects of this story. Great cast and an engaging story. The cinematography won an Oscar.

[–] quick_snail@feddit.nl 1 points 2 days ago (1 children)
[–] tychosmoose@lemmy.world 1 points 2 days ago

What number am I thinking of?

[–] I_Clean_Here@lemmy.world 2 points 2 days ago

Great stuff, US, keep it up!

[–] dharmacurious@slrpnk.net 3 points 2 days ago
[–] shalafi@lemmy.world 3 points 2 days ago

My grandmother and her family are from Charleston. Wonder if we had people in that fight.

[–] possiblylinux127@lemmy.zip 3 points 2 days ago (1 children)

We have it so good these days

[–] Serinus@lemmy.world 3 points 2 days ago

Part of the reason it's to easy for history to repeat.

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