International reports indicated that Ukraine had also encountered Zambian and Indian nationals on the battlefield, some reportedly tricked into fighting after responding to offers of construction and other jobs in the area. In July 2024, reports indicated that Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi had complained to Putin and demanded his troops stop tricking Indians into fighting against Ukraine.
Among the most prominent foreigners on the front line of the invasion are Cubans, also reportedly a mix of mercenaries and laborers swindled into fighting after answering ads for construction jobs. In May, Ukrainian lawmaker Maryan Zablotskyy estimated that as many as 20,000 Cuban men were fighting against Ukraine in the invasion. Russian social media outlets boast copious content showing Cuban fighters sharing war propaganda and pro-Russian messages and imagery.