It's interesting (though not surprising, I guess) that the impact of economics on the average level of reading comprehension (and presumably other markers of education) per country is the same as it is within those countries. If you take any country that was analysed in this study and look at the distribution of reading comprehension levels in it, the distribution will look roughly the same: those with high socio-economic status (relative to the rest of the population) get high scores, and the poorest tend to get the worst scores.
It'd be interesting to know what the public attitude to reading and education in general in the analysed countries is and how that interacts with economic factors. Students' in-school performance is often influenced by their parents' attittude towards eduction (e.g. education as a means to an end vs education having intrinsic value even without any specific ends), and I wonder how big the impact of society's attitudes is when compared to economic factors.