this post was submitted on 23 Sep 2023
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FWIW: these types of password rules are discouraged by NIST -
They also recommend implementing 2FA, but not OTP or TOTP as they are now considered not secure enough. Use 2FA that is FIDO2 compliant such as biometrics or fobs like Yubikey.
How is a TOTP not secure? It's a random string that changes every 30 seconds. I mean shit, I am LOOKING at it, and sometimes fail a login because I run out of time.
The attack vector is as follows:
The various physical dongles prevent this by using the asking domain as part of the hash. If you activated the dongle on Evil.com, it'll do nothing on Good.com (except hopefully alerting the SOC at Good.com about a compromised username and password pair).