this post was submitted on 13 Dec 2024
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Sometimes the freeze might be in the display manager. Eg xorg or your wayland compositor has crashed.
In that case, you can use keyboard controls to change tty and fall back to a text interface. I think it's ctrl + alt + Fn$number, where $number will correspond to the tty you want. Most graphical sessions launch on tty2, so you would use crtl + alt + F1 to switch to tty1.
From there you can log in and use terminal commands to launch a new gui session, or to try and debug what went wrong. Generally, I've only had freezing issues on Linux when my GPU is dying. There was also a period where my work computer didn't have enough swap space. It would freeze whenever I tried to compile code during a video call.
My display manager keeps hanging during wallpaper engine development, never does respond to Ctrl+Alt+F2. Only REISUB seems to be able to save me. Never had anything borked or out of place after reboot. Any ideas? That still sound like the display driver crashing? Haven't done much diagnosing since I'd have to cludge through troubleshooting over SSH on Android at random :\
Could be a GPU driver bug. I get them occasionally with amdgpu. In this case only hard reset works (no it's not a hardware problem, Windows never freezes like that).
BTW you can get logs of the pervious boot using
journalctl -b -1
command. Useful for debugging freezes like this.